Bodywork-Related Research and Resources, including myofascial release and neurologically driven approaches to pain.

The research and other information presented here was initially directed specifically toward Myofascial Release, but as my education improved, I have expanded it to include a broader neuroscience approach as well. Why the change? Like many, I bought into the salesmanship involved with much myofascial release education. The lack of research was laughed at, since only our results mattered. But then I opened my eyes to see that there are more plausible ways of explaining the work that we do. So what you see below represents my change. Myofascial release IS an effective method of intervention, but if placing our hands on someone and acting in a certain way represents success, shouldn’t we be looking deeper at just what it is that is happening? If I place my hands on a patient and lightly apply pressure, changes occur. Fascia practitioners explain this as having to do with releasing bound down fascia. Muscle practitioners will speak of the influence on spasm, etc. This goes on and on, as there are many modalities which, if viewed from afar, appear remarkably similar. What occurs in the body is what intrigues me, not what we call the work. Fascia research just has not shown that fascia is the “driver” in all of this.

Many of the articles listed below directly cite Myofascial Release as an important component of successful treatments. Others offer the practitioner insight into aspects related to their work. I continually am gathering research and related articles pertinent to the field of both myofascial release, as well as the more scientifically accepted field of neuroscience-based modalities. As Internet information changes constantly, if you find a link that is not working, please email me to let me know.

As our paths, interests, and learning change, so do our sources of information. My interests in pursuing the “why’s” of what occurs under my hands has led me to a few different paths. Look to Soma Simple here, for a deeper understanding of how neuroscience can influence our practice. For views counter to what many of us want to hear (but really should), read through Paul Ingraham’s blog.

To those of you who believe that I am abandoning MFR, fear not. I am in search of a better understanding of what happens under my hands. This can only help us all. Don’t change what you do, change what you think!

  1. Diane Jacobs, PT’s blog called the HumanAntiGravitySuit. A place for all things neuro. Diane is not a proponent of MFR and believes that our treatment impacts the body in vastly different ways that I was lead to believe…great stuff!
  2. Dermoneuromodulation treatment manual, by Diane Jacobs, 2009 version.
  3. Dr. Ginger Campbells’s website with over 90 podcasts on brain science.
  4. First-person neuroscience and the understanding of pain
  5. BodyinMind.org: Research into the role of the brain & mind in chronic pain.
  6. BetterMovement.org
  7. Science-Based Medicine:
    Exploring issues and controversies in the relationship between science and medicine
  8. Project for Open Education in Massage
  9. MTABC – Evidence-based massage therapy resources
  10. The science of interpersonal touch: An overview
  11. Pain. Is it all just in your mind? Professor Lorimer Moseley (video)
  12. TEDxAdelaide – Lorimer Moseley – Why Things Hurt (video)
  13. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. (“52 percent of the subjects had a bulge at at least one level, 27 percent had a protrusion, and 1 percent had an extrusion.”
  14. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. “In the group that was sixty years old or older, the findings were abnormal on about 57 per cent of the scans”"
  15. Abnormalities identified in the knees of asymptomatic volunteers using peripheral magnetic resonance imaging.
  16. Age-related prevalence of rotator cuff tears in asymptomatic shoulders
  17. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Asymptomatic Shoulder of Overhead Athletes: A 5-Year Follow-up Study
  18. New Study Finds 70 Percent of Able-Bodied Hockey Players Have Abnormal Hip and Pelvis MRIs
  19. Leg-length inequality in people of working age. The association between mild inequality and low-back pain is questionable.
  20. Effectiveness of manual therapies: the UK evidence report.
  21. Leg-length inequality is not associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome.
  22. The association between static pelvic asymmetry and low back pain.
  23. Clinical Importance of Active Scars: Abnormal Scars as a Cause of Myofascial Pain
  24. Psoas Major: a case report and review of its anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical Implications
  25. The integration of the psoas major and the deep sacral gluteus maximus muscles into the lumbar cylinder model
  26. Fascial Plasticity – a New Neurobiological Explanation Parts 1 and 2
  27. Craniosacral Therapy: The Effects of Cranial Manipulation on Intracranial Pressure and Cranial Bone Movement
  28. Evidence of a Nonlinear Human Magnetic Sense
  29. Effects of Myofascial Release Leg Pull and Sagittal Plane Isometric Contract-Relax Techniques on Passive Straight-Leg Raise Angle
  30. Cranial Osteopathy: Its Fate Seems Clear
    For some words from the opposing viewpoints, these two links are articles from Massage Today Magazine    Link 1   Link 2
  31. Diagnosis and treatment of TMJ, head, neck and asthmatic symptoms in children Connective tissue: a body-wide signaling network?
  32. Connective tissue: a body-wide signaling network?
  33. Fascia is able to contract in a smooth muscle-like manner and thereby influence musculoskeletal mechanics
  34. The effect of manual physical therapy in patients diagnosed with interstitial cystitis, high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction, and sacroiliac dysfunction
  35. Childhood Trauma, Stress Linked to Adult Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  36. Massage Therapy and Frequency of Chronic Tension Headaches
  37. Increasing Orgasm and Decreasing Dyspareunia by a Manual Physical Therapy Technique
  38. Treating Female Infertility and Improving IVF Pregnancy Rates With a Manual Physical Therapy Technique
  39. The female pelvic floor: a dome-not a basin
  40. Lumbar lordosis in acute and chronic low back pain patients
  41. Treatment Options for Persistent Pain Following Pudendal Nerve Decompression Surgery
  42. Myofascial Release (MFR) for an Adult with Idiopathic Scoliosis to Help Decrease Pain and Increase Quality of Life~Case Study~ Thanks to Aaron LeBauer
  43. Treatment of women in the united states with localized, provoked vulvodynia: practice survey of women’s health physical therapists
  44. Improved Chest Expansion in Idiopathic Scoliosis After Intensive, Multi-Modality, Non-Surgical Treatment in an Adult (see pg. 673)
  45. Effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment on Pediatric Patients with Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  46. Effect of an Intensive Physical Therapy Program with Partial Weight Treadmill Training on a 2 Year-Old Child with Spastic Quadriplegia Cerebral Palsy
  47. Sinusitis in Children: The Importance of Diagnosis and Treatment
  48. Influences of Craniosacral Therapy on the Health and Development of Infants and Young Children

  49. Botulinum Toxin for Myofascial Pain Identifies Myofascial Release as a part of a post-botulinum injection therapy regime for myofascial pain

  50. Improving Physical Function and Blood Pressure in Older Adults Through Cobblestone Mat Walking: A Randomized Trial
  51. Treatment of Patients with Arthritis-Related Pain
  52. Chronic Pelvic Pain
    Chronic Pelvic Pain – Part 2: An Integrated management Approach
  53. Listed here are six thesis/dissertation references
    (note, these citations are not abstracts or full citations, they are listings of available theses/dissertations that have been written):
  54. Massage therapy and restless legs syndrome
  55. Atlas vertebra realignment and achievement of arterial pressure goal in hypertensive patients: a pilot study
  56. Reversible pelvic asymmetry: an overlooked syndrome manifesting as scoliosis, apparent leg-length difference, and neurologic symptoms
  57. Myofascial release provides symptomatic relief from chest wall tenderness occasionally seen following lumpectomy and radiation in breast cancer patients
  58. Early Rehabilitation Improves Extremity Function and Decreases Postoperative Complications in Cancer PatientsUndergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM): A Preliminary Report
  59. The Role of Physical Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction
  60. Relief of internal snapping hip syndrome in a marathon runner after chiropractic treatment
  61. Effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment of length of stay for pancreatitis: a randomized pilot study
  62. Myofascial release provides symptomatic relief from chest wall tenderness occasionally seen following lumpectomy and radiation in breast cancer patients
  63. Myofascial release of carpal tunnel syndrome
  64. Myofascial manipulative release of carpal tunnel syndrome: documentation with magnetic resonance imaging
  65. Thoracic outlet syndrome–a myofascial variant: Part 1. Pathology and diagnosis
  66. Thoracic outlet syndrome–a myofascial variant: Part 2. Treatment
  67. Thoracic outlet syndrome–a myofascial variant: Part 3. Structural and postural considerations
  68. Whiplash as a total-body injury
  69. Pelvic Pain
  70. Therapeutic Effect on the Change of Gait Performance in Chronic Calf Myofascial Pain Syndrome A Time Series Case Study
  71. Musculoskeletal Problems in The Female Athlete: Patellofemoral Pain
  72. Listed here are a few studies and papers by Alvar Pascual-Leone, MD PhD, regarding the nueuroplastic changes in the brain. The first Link is to an article by Peter Levine, in PT Advance, regarding Pascual-Leone’s study and how a subject “sees” with her fingertips. The second link is to a paper by Pascual-Leone and Hamilton, which covers a wide range of research on related areas of neuroplasticity. The third and fourth links provide additional background. I a hypothesizing that this information leads us to a better understanding of how we, as MFR therapists, learn to “see” with our hands. Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 4
  73. The First Annual Fascia Research Congress’s webpage lists dozens of research citations relevant to the field of Myofascial Release.
  74. Bioelectric Responsiveness of Fascia: A Model for Understanding the Effects of Manipulation (Techniques in Orthopaedics. 18(1):67-73, March 2003.)
  75. The Role of Connective Tissue as the Physical Medium for the Conduction of Healing Energy in Acupuncture and Rolfing®
  76. Effectiveness of Myofascial Release in Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis: A RCT “Experimental group showed more improvement in terms of both pain relief and in functional ability. This can be attributed to myofascial release which experimental group received in addition to conventional treatment.”
  77. Soft tissue mobilisation following free TRAM breast reconstruction: A case report
  78. Physical Therapy for Infertility. From PT Advance, Vol. 19 •Issue 10 • Page 32
  79. An integral theory of female urinary incontinence. Experimental and clinical considerations. (from the abstract) “Altered collagen/elastin in the vaginal connective tissue and/or its ligamentous supports may cause laxity. This dissipates the muscle contraction, causing stress incontinence, and/or activation of an inappropriate micturition reflex, (“bladder instability”) by stimulation of bladder base stretch receptors. The latter is manifested by symptoms of frequency, urgency, nocturia with or without urine loss.”
  80. Connective tissue in female urinary incontinence.
  81. Different organization of collagen fibrils in stress-incontinent women of fertile age. “CONCLUSION: Stress urinary incontinence in fertile women is associated with a change in collagen metabolism resulting in an increased concentration of collagen and larger collagen fibrils. These alterations should result in a more rigid form of extracellular matrix, suggesting a connective tissue with impaired mechanical function.”
  82. Changes of collagen type III and decorin in paraurethral connective tissue from women with stress urinary incontinence and prolapse. “The results suggest that a high level of decorin mRNA might be associated with the reduced content of collagen type III, resulting in a less flexible form of extracellular matrix in the connective tissue in SUI and prolapse patients.”
  83. The pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence in women and its implications for surgical treatment.
  84. Effects of myofascial release after high-intensity exercise: a randomized clinical trial
  85. Glucosamine, Chondroitin Sulfate, and the Two in Combination for Painful Knee Osteoarthritis From the New England Journal of Medicine
  86. Glucosamine for Arthritis: The Evidence Is Conflicting, by Stephen Barrett, M.D.
  87. Weight loss without dietary restriction: Efficacy of different forms of aerobic exercise, by Grant Gwinup, MD Compares swimming, stationary bike use, and walking and their effects on weight loss. Of note is that swimming was the least productive means of weight loss noted in this study.
  88. Comparison of leg length inequality measurement methods as estimators of the femur head height difference on standing X-ray. Compares supine vs. prone assessment of leg length and finds prone measurement more accurate.
  89. Therapeutic Effect on the Change of Gait Performance in Chronic Calf Myofascial Pain Syndrome A Time Series Case Study
  90. Etiology of Idiopathic Scoliosis: Current Trends in Research
  91. Subcutaneous Tissue Mechanical Behavior is Linear and Viscoelastic Under Uniaxial Tension
  92. Strain-induced reorientation of an intramuscular connective tissue network: implications for passive muscle elasticity
  93. Collagen Orientation and Molecular Spacing During Creep and Stress-Relaxation in Soft Connective Tissues
  94. Fibroblasts form a body-wide cellular network
  95. Shifts in Pelvic Inclination Angle and Parasympathetic Tone Produced by Rolfing Soft Tissue Manipulation
  96. The Effects of Manual Therapy on Connective Tissue
  97. Incidence of foot rotation, pelvic crest unleveling, and supine leg length alignment asymmetry and their relationship to self-reported back pain
  98. Effectiveness of osteopathy in the cranial field and myofascial release versus acupuncture as complementary treatment for children with spastic cerebral palsy: a pilot study
  99. Estimation of influence of myofascial release techniques on esophageal pressure in patients after total laryngectomy
  100. Osteopathic manipulative treatment and its relationship to autonomic nervous system activity as demonstrated by heart rate variability: a repeated measures study
  101. Letter to the Editor not referring to a recently published article: Women Pay Attention to Shoe Heels: Besides Causing Schizophrenia They Might Affect Your Pelvic Floor Muscle Activity!!
  102. Craniosacral therapy for migraine: Protocol development for an exploratory controlled clinical trial (Full text article)
  103. Helping to Relieve the Pain of Post-Surgical Breast Cancer with Myofascial/Craniosacral Techniques
  104. Prevalence of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis
  105. PELVIC FLOOR MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINTS: MANUAL THERAPY FOR INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS AND THE URGENCY-FREQUENCY SYNDROME
  106. INTEGRATION OF MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINT RELEASE AND PARADOXICAL RELAXATION TRAINING TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN IN MEN
  107. Modified Thiele massage as therapeutic intervention for female patients with interstitial cystitis and high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction
  108. Alternative Approaches to the Management of Prostatitis: Biofeedback, Progressive Relaxation and the Concept of Functional Somatic Syndromes
  109. Musculoskeletal Dysfunction in Men With Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III: A Case-control Study
  110. The Pelvic Floor Paradox
  111. Complementary and Alternative Therapies as Treatment Approaches for Interstitial Cystitis
  112. Modified Thiele massage as therapeutic intervention for female patients with interstitial cystitis and high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction
  113. Complementary and Alternative Therapies as Treatment Approaches for Interstitial Cystitis (full text)
  114. Rehabilitation of the short pelvic floor. I: Background and patient evaluation
  115. Dispelling the myth: strengthening the abdominals will support a weak back (note: you may get an Internet Explorer warning alert when you visit this site. I had no problems once I proceeded) The article is the second one shown on the page.
  116. Physical Therapy and Pudendal Nerve Entrapment
  117. Massage Therapy Protocol for Post–Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Case Report.
  118. Effects of the myofascial release in diffuse systemic sclerosis.
  119. Simultaneous Palpation of the Craniosacral Rate at the Head and Feet: Intrarater and Interrater Reliability and Rate Comparisons
  120. Interexaminer Reliability and Cranial Osteopoathy.
  121. Rehabilitation of the Stability Function of Psoas Major
  122. Stress Urinary Incontinence – A Consequence of Failed Load Transfer Through the Pelvis?
  123. The Basic Science of Myofascial Release
  124. Myofascial Release – An Introduction for the Patient
  125. Fibromyalgia: a disorder of the brain?
  126. Treating endometriosis pain with a manual pelvic physical therapy
  127. Myofibroblasts and Mechanoregulation of Connective Tissue Remodeling
  128. Factors predisposing women to chronic pelvic pain: systematic review
  129. The Twin Spine Study: Contributions to a changing view of disc degeneration
  130. Three-Dimensional Mathematical Model for Deformation of Human Fasciae in Manual Therapy (full text)
  131. Considering wider myofascial involvement as a possible contributor to upper extremity dysfunction following treatment for primary breast cancer
  132. Effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment and concentric and eccentric maximal-effort exercise on women with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study
  133. Pathophysiological model for chronic low back pain integrating connective tissue and nervous system mechanisms
  134. Effects of Myofascial Release on Increasing Function
  135. The Role of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy in the Treatment of Pelvic and Genital Pain-Related Sexual Dysfunction
  136. Treatment of women in the United States with localized, provoked vulvodynia: practice survey of women’s health physical therapists
  137. The Role of Physical Therapy in Female Sexual Dysfunction
  138. The Effect of Osteopathic Treatment of Cesarean Section Scars on Pelvic Muscle Strength
  139. Psychophysiological Effects of Massage-Myofascial Release After Exercise: A Randomized Sham-Control Study
  140. Chronic pelvic pain: Pelvic floor problems, sacroiliac dysfunction and the trigger point connection
  141. Frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain: Treating the pelvic floor versus the epithelium
  142. The Role of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy in the Treatment of Pelvic and Genital Pain-Related Sexual Dysfunction
  143. Estimation of influence of myofascial release techniques on esophageal pressure in patients after total laryngectomy
  144. Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment of a 26-Year-Old Woman With Bell’s Palsy
  145. Efficacy of myofascial release techniques in the treatment of primary Raynaud’s phenomenon
  146. Research in Water and Fascia: Micro-tornadoes, hydrogenated diamonds & nanocrystals
  147. Dynamic fibroblast cytoskeletal response to subcutaneous tissue stretch ex vivo and in vivo
  148. Tensegrity I. Cell structure and hierarchical systems biology
  149. Tensegrity II. How structural networks influence cellular information processing networks
  150. European Fascia Research Project Report
  151. How cells (might) sense microgravity
  152. Fascial plasticity – a new neurobiological explanation: Part 1
  153. Stability Ball Versus Office Chair: Comparison of Muscle Activation and Lumbar Spine Posture During Prolonged Sitting
  154. Is Your Ab Workout Hurting Your Back?
  155. Warm up revisited – the ‘ramp’ method of optimising performance preparation
  156. Do Practical Durations of Stretching Alter Muscle Strength? A Dose-Response Study
  157. Myofascial release: an evidence-based treatment approach?
  158. Mathematical Analysis of Applied Loads on Skeletal Muscles During Manual Therapy
  159. Lumbopelvic Pain and Dyssynergic Defecation – Body Builder
  160. What is the role of a physiotherapist in palliative care? Cases report
  161. Rehabilitation of tibial eminence fracture
  162. Muscle Repositioning: A new verifiable approach to neuro-myofascial release?
  163. Why myofascial release will never be evidence-based
  164. Short-Term Hematologic and Hemodynamic Effects of Osteopathic Lymphatic Techniques: A Pilot CrossoverTrial
  165. Modeled Repetitive Motion Strain and Indirect Osteopathic Manipulative Techniques in Regulation of HumanFibroblast Proliferation and Interleukin Secretion
  166. Immediate Effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Elderly Patients With Chronic ObstructivePulmonary Disease
  167. Importance of Strain Direction in Regulating Human Fibroblast Proliferation and Cytokine Secretion: A Useful in Vitro Model for Soft Tissue Injury and Manual Medicine Treatments
  168. Influence of active scars in abdominal wall on abdominal and back muscles activity in chronic low back pain -surface electromyography pilot study
  169. Identification of viscoelastic parameters of skin with a scar in vivo, influence of soft tissue technique on changes of skin parameters
  170. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SPECIFIC PHYSIOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULARDISORDERS
  171. Understanding Women’s Sexual Health: A Case-Based Approach
  172. Brachial Plexus Injuries in Neonates: An Osteopathic Approach
  173. Responses to article #151, from JOAO
  174. Understanding the Process of Fascial Unwinding
  175. Fascia Research II: Second International Fascia Research Congress
  176. Fascia Review
  177. The Architecture of the Connective Tissue in the Musculoskeletal System—An Often Overlooked FunctionalParameter as to Proprioception in the Locomotor Apparatus
  178. Pelvic Floor Myofascial Trigger Points: Manual Therapy for Interstitial Cystitis and Urgency/FrequencySyndrome
  179. Put and End to Pelvic Pain
  180. Communicating About Fascia: History, Pitfalls, and Recommendations
  181. Fascia: A missing link in our understanding of the pathology of fibromyalgia
  182. Physical Therapy for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
  183. Changes in Neck Mobility and Pressure Pain Threshold Levels Following a Cervical Myofascial InductionTechnique in Pain-Free Healthy Subjects
  184. Muscle functional magnetic resonance imaging and acute low back asymmetries and examine the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment
  185. Massage Therapy Protocol for Post–Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome:A Case Report
  186. Influence of the Temporomandibular Joint on Range of Motion of the Hip Joint in Patients With ComplexRegional Pain Syndrome
  187. Dancers Restore Knee Flexion Through Dynamic Splinting
  188. Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Osteoporosis-Related Fracture: A Multifactoral Osteopathic Approach
  189. Dynamic splinting for knee flexion contracture following total knee arthroplasty: a case report
  190. Randomized Multicenter Feasibility Trial of Myofascial Physical Therapy for the Treatment of UrologicalChronic Pelvic Pain Syndromes
  191. Clinical and Research Protocol for Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment of Elderly Patients With Pneumonia
  192. Post-surgical care of a professional ballet dancer following calcaneal exostectomy and debridement with re-attachment of the left Achilles tendon
  193. The Endocannabinoid System: An Osteopathic Perspective
  194. Overcoming Barriers to the Use of Osteopathic Manipulation Techniques in the Emergency Department
  195. Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with massage
  196. Functional and Chronic Anorectal and Pelvic Pain Disorders
  197. In Vitro Modeling of Repetitive Motion Strain and Manual Medicine Treatments: Potential Roles for Pro- andAnti-Inflammatory Cytokines
  198. An investigation into the regulation of intra-cranial pressure and its influence upon the surrounding cranial bones
  199. The pectoral fascia: anatomical and histological study
  200. Identification of viscoelastic parameters of skin with a scar in vivo, influence of soft tissue technique on changes of skin parameters
  201. The migratory fascia hypothesis
  202. Communicating About Fascia: History, Pitfalls, and Recommendations
  203. The Architecture of the Connective Tissue in the Musculoskeletal System—An Often Overlooked FunctionalParameter as to Proprioception in the Locomotor Apparatus
  204. Fibromyalgia Symptoms Are Reduced by Low-Dose Naltrexone: A Pilot Study
  205. Advances in fibromyalgia treatment: understanding endogenous pain modulation
  206. Identification and Quantification of Myofascial Taut Bands With Magnetic Resonance Elastography (full text)
  207. Tensegrity and mechanoregulation: from skeleton to cytoskeleton
  208. Pelvic Floor Involvement in Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction and the Role of Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation inTreatment: A Literature Review
  209. Physiotherapy Treatment of Sexual Pain Disorders
  210. Role of fascia in maintenance of muscle tension and pressure
  211. Reduced strength after passive stretch of the human plantar flexors
  212. A collection of citations dispelling the myth that extra water is needed after massage/body work to flush the toxins.
  213. Lower Extremity Injuries in College Athletes: Relation Between Ligamentous Laxity and Lower ExtremityMuscle Tightness
  214. Strength Around the Hip and Flexibility of Soft Tissues in Individuals With and Without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
  215. Treatment of women in the United States with localized, provoked vulvodynia: practice survey of women’s heath physical therapists
  216. Intrinsic Risk Factors For the Development of Anterior Knee Pain in an Athletic Population
  217. Flexibility and anterior knee pain in adolescent elite figure skaters
  218. Reduced strength after passive stretch of the human plantar flexors
  219. How does evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the vertebral artery test influence teaching of the test in a professional physical therapist education program?
  220. Everything You Know About Muscle is Wrong
  221. Physical Thoughts About structure: The Elasticity of fascia
  222. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic adults.
  223. Prevalence of annular tears and disc herniations on MR images of the cervical spine in symptom free volunteers
  224. Dead men and radiologists don’t lie: a review of cadaveric and radiological studies of rotator cuff tear prevalence
  225. Spinal Stenosis, Back Pain, or No Symptoms at All? A Masked Study Comparing Radiologic andElectrodiagnostic Diagnoses to the Clinical Impression
  226. Pelvic Floor Muscle Assessment Outcomes in Women With and Without Provoked Vestibulodynia and theImpact of a Physical Therapy Program
  227. Randomized multicenter feasibility trial of myofascial physical therapy for the treatment of urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes
  228. Painful Bladder Syndrome (including interstitial cystitis)
  229. Fibromyalgia syndrome: a relevant recent construction of an ancient condition?
  230. The Communication of Emotion via Touch
  231. The fall of the postural–structural–biomechanical model in manual and physical therapies: Exemplified by lower back pain
  232. The Myth of Core Stability
  233. Sustained Manual Loading of the Fascial System Can Evoke Tonic Reactions: Preliminary Results
  234. Muscle Repositioning: Combining Subjective and Objective Feedbacks in the Teaching and Practice of a Reflex-Based Myofascial Release Technique
  235. The Fascial Manipulation Technique and Its Biomechanical Model: A Guide to the Human Fascial System
  236. Association of Leg-Length Inequality With Knee Osteoarthritis A Cohort Study A printable patient directed article of reference #214 is available here
  237. The effectiveness of the McKenzie method in addition to first-line care for acute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial
  238. Urinary and Anal Incontinence During Pregnancy and Postpartum: Incidence, Severity, and Risk Factors
  239. Massage Therapy and Frequency of Chronic Tension Headaches
  240. Fascia Research: Basic Science and Implications for Conventional and Complementary Health Care
  241. The Association between Obesity and the Prevalence of Low Back Pain in Young Adults
  242. The prevalence of low back pain and associations with body fatness, fat distribution and height
  243. Mechanisms causing effects of muscle position on proximo-distal muscle force differences in extra-muscular myofascial force transmission
  244. Anatomical study of myofascial continuity in the anterior region of the upper limb
  245. Modulation of Fibroblast Morphology and Adhesion during Collagen Matrix Remodeling
  246. Fibrosis and intercellular collagen connections from four weeks of muscle strains
  247. Clinical Correlate of Brain SPECT Perfusion Abnormalities in Fibromyalgia
  248. Computer work and musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper extremity: A systematic review
  249. Free full text versions of past and present editions of the European Spine Journal
  250. Fibromyalgia Symptoms Are Reduced by Low-Dose Naltrexone: A Pilot Study
  251. The role of physiotherapy in palliative care for the relief of constipation — a case report
  252. Anatomical differences in the psoas muscles in young black and white men
  253. Bioelectric Responsiveness of Fascia: A Model for Understanding the Effects of Manipulation
  254. The Tensegrity System and Pelvic Pain Syndrome
  255. Effects of Myofascial Release on Pain, Disability and Electromyography of Erector Spinae in Chronic Low Back Pain
  256. Migratory Fascia – a Role in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ?
  257. Lelean’s Ligament Descripton
  258. Methods Used by Members of the Australian Osteopathic Profession to Assess the Sacroiliac Joint
  259. Sacroiliac Joint Injury
  260. Further Thoughts on Femur Rotation and the Hip Flexors Psoas and Iliacus
  261. Fascial release effects on patients with non-specific cervical or lumbar pain
  262. Brachial Plexus Injuries in Neonates: An Osteopathic Approach
  263. Evidence against trigger point injection technique for the treatment of cervicothoracic myofascial pain with botulinum toxin type A
  264. Conservative management of posterior interosseous neuropathy in an elite baseball pitcher’s return to play: a case report and review of the literature
  265. 6-Day Intensive Treatment Protocol for Refractory Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Using Myofascial Release and Paradoxical Relaxation Training
  266. Individualized multi-modal management of osteitis pubis in an Australian Rules footballer
  267. Decrease of pain and neurological symptoms from brachial plexus nerve bundle impingement using massage therapy: A case report
  268. Pandiculation: Nature’s way of maintaining the functional integrity of the myofascial system?
  269. Manual therapies for migraine: a systematic review
  270. Nondrug-related aspect of treating ekbom disease, formerly known as restless legs syndrome
  271. Mechanism-based classification of pain for physical therapy management in palliative care: A clinical commentary
  272. Popular physical therapy modalities in the management of whiplash-associated disorders
  273. Manual Therapy of the Mandibular Accessory Ligaments for the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
  274. Knuckle Cracking and Hand Osteoarthritis
  275. Fascia: A missing link in our understanding of the pathology of fibromyalgia
  276. Postural and Spinal Disorders: Do They A ect the Normal Swallow? (page 18)
  277. Effect of Massage on Pain Management for Thoracic Surgery Patients
  278. A theoretical framework for the role of fascia in manual therapy
  279. A randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of craniosacral therapy on pain and heart rate variability in fibromyalgia patients
  280. Osteopathic manual therapy versus conventional conservative therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders: A randomized controlled trial
  281. Sustained Release Myofascial Release as Treatment for a Patient with Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Collagenous Colitis: A Case Report
  282. Some Factors Predict Successful Short-Term Outcomes in Individuals With Shoulder Pain Receiving Cervicothoracic Manipulation: A Single-Arm Trial
  283. Case Study in Reading Disorder: The Corrective Aspect of Craniosacral Fascial Therapy
  284. Case Study in Otitis Media: The Corrective Aspect of Craniosacral Fascial Therapy
  285. Case Study in Headache: The Corrective Aspect of Craniosacral Fascial Therapy
  286. Addressing Hiatal Hernia with Myofascial Release
  287. Fascia Research from a Clinician/Scientist’s Perspective
  288. Vascular Fasciatherapy Danis Bois Method: a Study on Mechanism Concerning the Supporting Point Applied on Arteries
  289. Changes in Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Symptoms Following Massage Therapy: A Case Report
  290. A Massage Therapist’s Perspective on the Fascia Research Congresses
  291. Strain hardening of fascia: Static stretching of dense fibrous connective tissues can induce a temporary stiffness increase accompanied by enhanced matrix hydration
  292. A theoretical framework for the role of fascia in manual therapy
  293. Radiographic Evidence of Cranial Bone Mobility
  294. Evaluation of the adolescent or adult with some features of Marfan syndrome
  295. Effectiveness of Myofascial Release in the Management of Lateral Epicondylitis in Computer Professionals
  296. Sensory innervation of the lumbar fascia in rats and humans
  297. Evaluating the effectiveness of Myofascial Release to reduce pain in people with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): A Pilot Study
  298. The Effects of Cranial Manual Therapy and Myofascial Release Technique on Somatic Tinnitus in Individuals without Otic Pathology: Two Case Reports with one year follow up.
  299. The Acute Effect Of Self-Myofascial Release On Lower Extremity Plyometric Performance
  300. In Vitro Modeling of Repetitive Motion Injury and Myofascial Release
  301. Conservative care of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis/ tendinopathy in a warehouse worker and recreational cyclist: a case report
  302. Mechanical Strain Applied to Human Fibroblasts Differentially Regulates Skeletal Myoblast Differentiation
  303. Evidence Based Intervention Program for an Adult Female with Cerebral Palsy and Congestive Heart Failure
  304. Effects of myofascial release and other advanced myofascial therapieson children with cerebral palsy: six case reports
  305. Benefits of Massage-Myofascial Release Therapy on Pain, Anxiety, Quality of Sleep, Depression, and Quality of Life in Patients with Fibromyalgia
  306. NGF-evoked sensitization of muscle fascia nociceptors in humans
  307. Evidence Based Intervention Program for an Adult Female with Cerebral Palsy and Congestive Heart Failure
  308. Myofascial Structural Integration: A Promising Complementary Therapy for Young Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy
  309. The Schroth Method of Treatment for a Patient Diagnosed with Scoliosis: A Case Report
  310. Estimation of influence of myofascial release techniques on esophageal pressure in patients after total laryngectomy
  311. Postural and Spinal Disorders: Do They Affect the Normal Swallow?
  312. Medical and rehabilitative therapy of oral, pharyngeal motor disorders
  313. Visceral mobilization can lyse and prevent peritoneal adhesions in a rat model
  314. vidence based rehabilitation in chronic pain syndromes
  315. Recognizing Myofascial Pelvic Pain in the Female Patient with Chronic Pelvic Pain
  316. Caring for Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
  317. Providing Holistic Care for Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
  318. Response of Pain Intensity to Soft Tissue Mobilization and Neurodynamic Technique: A Series of 18 Patients With Chronic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  319. Clinical Management of Vulvodynia
  320. Myofascial pain syndrome in the pelvic floor: etiology, mechanisms, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
  321. Manual palpation of lumbo-pelvic landmarks: a validity study.
  322. Interexaminer reliability and accuracy of posterior superior iliac spine and iliac crest palpation for spinal level estimations.
  323. Myofascial Pain of the Jaw Muscles: Comparison of Short-Term Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Injections and Fascial Manipulation Technique
  324. NGF-evoked sensitization of muscle fascia nociceptors in humans
  325. Spine stabilisation exercises in the treatment of chronic low back pain: a good clinical outcome is not associated with improved abdominal muscle function.
  326. Pelvic Floor Spasm: The missing link in chronic pelvic pain
  327. New study finds 70 percent of able-bodied hockey players have abnormal hip and pelvis MRIs
  328. Prevalence of annular tears and disc herniations on MR images of the cervical spine in symptom free volunteers.
  329. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic adults. Cooperative study–American Society of Neuroimaging.
  330. Dead men and radiologists don’t lie: a review of cadaveric and radiological studies of rotator cuff tear prevalence.
  331. Spinal Stenosis, Back Pain, or No Symptoms at All? A Masked Study Comparing Radiologic and Electrodiagnostic Diagnoses to the Clinical Impression